Posts Tagged ‘Diagnosis of Diabetes’

Diagnosis of Type-1 Diabetes: Random Plasma Glucose Test

Friday, April 9th, 2010

Random Plasma Glucose Test is very useful in medical emergency situations when the sick person is especially a child having high glucose levels. A delay may take that person into a diabetes-induced coma. Random Plasma Glucose Test can be conducted within few minutes and the medical personnel will be able to determine glucose level in the blood. Hence, they will be able to provide proper treatment on time.

Like in other two tests, in Random Plasma Glucose Test also, the glucose level in the blood will be checked. But here, an individual is not required to be in empty stomach for the test. The presence of type-1 diabetes in that individual is determined when the glucose level in the blood is 200 mg/dL or more combined with some symptoms like extreme urination, excessive thirst, and unexplained weight loss. Symptoms like fatigue, extreme hunger, unhealed sores and blurred vision can also be considered.

The doctor will conduct either FPG test or OGTT on that individual to confirm the result found from this test on another day. However, through Random Plasma Glucose Test diagnosing pre-diabetes is not possible.

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Diagnosis of Type-1 Diabetes: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

Tuesday, April 6th, 2010

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is conducted to measure the glucose level in blood in an individual. This test can be conducted to detect pre-diabetes too. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is more reliable than the FPG test when it comes to diagnosing pre-diabetes. But it is not as convenient as the latter one.

In Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), an individual is required to be in empty stomach for at least 8 hours before the test. The glucose level in blood will be noted down before Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is conducted. Then that person will have to drink a glass of water containing dissolved glucose of about 75 grams. After two hours, again the glucose level in blood will be noted down.

The theory behind Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is simple. When an individual drinks that liquid the glucose level will obviously rise in blood. If that person is free from diabetes, then the risen glucose level will fall rapidly because of the normal insulin production in his body. On the other hand, if that person has type-1 diabetes, then the risen glucose level will not fall because of the insufficient amount of insulin in his body. Below, by looking at the table, you will understand both the categorized results and their meanings.

2-Hour Plasma Glucose Result (mg/dL) Diagnosis Meaning
139 or <139 Normal
140 – 199 Pre-diabetes (impaired glucose tolerance)
200 or 200+ Diabetes

If an individual is diagnosed with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) that person should have to be very careful. It is because that person is more prone to develop type-2 diabetes later. An individual cannot be said to have diabetes with one-time conducted Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). It is necessary to conduct another Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) on another day to confirm the presence of diabetes in that person.

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Diagnosis of Type-1 Diabetes: Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test

Saturday, April 3rd, 2010

Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test is conducted to measure the glucose level in blood in an individual. There is one pre-condition before conducting Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test. That is, that individual should be in empty stomach for at least 8 hours. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test can be conducted to detect pre-diabetes too.

Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test is preferred by both an individual and the doctor since it is convenient and low in cost. It is recommended to conduct Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test in the morning. During that time, the results are very reliable. The glucose level in blood is measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Below, by looking at the table, you will understand both the categorized results and their meanings.

Plasma Glucose Result (mg/dL) Diagnosis Meaning
99 or <99 Normal
100 – 125 Pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose)
126 or >126 Diabetes

If an individual is diagnosed with Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) that person should have to be very careful. It is because that person is more prone to develop type-2 diabetes later. An individual cannot be said to have diabetes with one-time conducted Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test. It is necessary to conduct another Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test on another day to confirm the presence of diabetes in that person.

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Diagnosing Type-1 Diabetes

Thursday, April 1st, 2010

Diagnosing type-1 diabetes is a bit complicated. Most of the time, the symtoms of type-1 diabetes are mistaken for some other ailments. In most cases of type-1 diabetes, the symptoms begin to show up as soon as the pancreas stops the insulin production. The most known method of diagnosing type-1 diabetes is measuring glucose levels in the blood sample taken from a potential type-1 diabetes patient.

At present, three standard tests are available for diagnosing type-1 diabetes. A doctor can suggest any of these tests to an individual based on the circumstance and the doctor’s choice. The below mentioned standard tests will be explained in next oncoming posts in detail. The tests are:

• Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test
• Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
• Random Plasma Glucose Test

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